* Betel quid chewing without tobacco: a meta-analysis of carcinogenic and precarcinogenic effects.
- Betel quid without tobacco is an important factor influencing the incidences of oral cancer and precancer. This study systematically evaluated the associations between betel quid containing no tobacco and oral cancer and precancer, with implications for the prevention of oral cancer. We searched MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, and EMBASE (to April 2011) and retrieved studies that investigated the relationship between chewing betel quid and oral cancer (or precancer). We performed a meta-analysis to summarize the published data and describe the prevalence of betel quid use with regard to cancerous diseases. In all, 19 eligible studies that reported odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for oral cancer with respect to betel quid were included. The analysis identified an association suggesting that betel quid might be an important risk factor for oral cancer and precancer. The results of this review suggest that betel-chewing-cessation programs should be developed to help prevent oral diseases.
=>利用, 使う, 利用する, (体, 能力など)を働かす, 使用, 利用法
Overview of noun use
The noun use has 7 senses (first 6 from tagged texts)
1. (90) use, usage, utilization, utilisation, employment, exercise -- (the act of using; "he warned
against the use of narcotic drugs"; "skilled in the utilization of computers")
2. (18) function, purpose, role, use -- (what something is used for; "the function of an auger is to
bore holes"; "ballet is beautiful but what use is it?")
3. (7) use -- (a particular service; "he put his knowledge to good use"; "patrons have their uses")
4. (1) consumption, economic consumption, usance, use, use of goods and services -- ((economics) the
utilization of economic goods to satisfy needs or in manufacturing; "the consumption of energy has
increased steadily")
5. (1) habit, use -- ((psychology) an automatic pattern of behavior in reaction to a specific
situation; may be inherited or acquired through frequent repetition; "owls have nocturnal habits";
"she had a habit twirling the ends of her hair"; "long use had hardened him to it")
6. (1) manipulation, use -- (exerting shrewd or devious influence especially for one's own
advantage; "his manipulation of his friends was scandalous")
7. use, enjoyment -- ((law) the exercise of the legal right to enjoy the benefits of owning
property; "we were given the use of his boat")
Overview of verb use
The verb use has 6 senses (first 3 from tagged texts)
1. (603) use, utilize, utilise, apply, employ -- (put into service; make work or employ for a
particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose; "use your head!"; "we only use Spanish at
home"; "I can't use this tool"; "Apply a magnetic field here"; "This thinking was applied to many
projects"; "How do you utilize this tool?"; "I apply this rule to get good results"; "use the
plastic bags to store the food"; "He doesn't know how to use a computer")
2. (12) use, habituate -- (take or consume (regularly or habitually); "She uses drugs rarely")
3. (8) use, expend -- (use up, consume fully; "The legislature expended its time on school
questions")
4. use -- (seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage; "She uses her influential friends to
get jobs"; "The president's wife used her good connections")
5. practice, apply, use -- (avail oneself to; "apply a principle"; "practice a religion"; "use care
when going down the stairs"; "use your common sense"; "practice non-violent resistance")
6. use -- (habitually do something (use only in the past tense); "She used to call her mother every
week but now she calls only occasionally"; "I used to get sick when I ate in that dining hall";
"They used to vacation in the Bahamas")
--- WordNet end ---