ELIZA cgi-bash version rev. 1.90
- Medical English LInking keywords finder for the PubMed Zipped Archive (ELIZA) -

return kwic search for under out of >500 occurrences
321496 occurrences (No.66 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found
8) Cx43 mRNA dropped in 2D under the 'BNNTs + US' regimen, while it was best enhanced in 3D samples (3.58 ± 1.05 vs 13.74 ± 1.42-fold difference, p = 0.0001).
--- ABSTRACT ---
PMID:24596180 DOI:10.1002/term.1878
2015 Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
* Boron nitride nanotube-functionalised myoblast/microfibre constructs: a nanotech-assisted tissue-engineered platform for muscle stimulation.
- In this communication, we introduce boron nitride nanotube (BNNT)-functionalised muscle cell/microfibre mesh constructs, obtained via tissue engineering, as a three-dimensional (3D) platform to study a wireless stimulation system for electrically responsive cells and tissues. Our stimulation strategy exploits the piezoelectric behaviour of some classes of ceramic nanoparticles, such as BNNTs, able to polarize under mechanical stress, e.g. using low-frequency ultrasound (US). In the microfibre scaffolds, C2C12 myoblasts were able to differentiate into viable myotubes and to internalize BNNTs, also upon US irradiation, so as to obtain a nanotech-assisted 3D in vitro model. We then tested our stimulatory system on 2D and 3D cellular models by investigating the expression of connexin 43 (Cx43), as a molecule involved in cell crosstalk and mechanotransduction, and myosin, as a myogenic differentiation marker. Cx43 gene expression revealed a marked model dependency. In control samples (without US and/or BNNTs), Cx43 was upregulated under 2D culture conditions (10.78 ± 1.05-fold difference). Interactions with BNNTs increased Cx43 expression in 3D samples. Cx43 mRNA dropped in 2D under the 'BNNTs + US' regimen, while it was best enhanced in 3D samples (3.58 ± 1.05 vs 13.74 ± 1.42-fold difference, p = 0.0001). At the protein level, the maximal expressions of Cx43 and myosin were detected in the 3D model. In contrast with the 3D model, in 2D cultures, BNNTs and US exerted a synergistic depletive effect upon myosin synthesis. These findings indicate that model dimensionality and stimulatory regimens can strongly affect the responses of signalling and differentiation molecules, proving the importance of developing proper in vitro platforms for biological modelling.
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(1)95 the (18)4 these (35)2 axial (52)2 of
(2)13 different (19)3 high (36)2 censoring (53)2 optimal
(3)12 a (20)3 investigation (37)2 clinical (54)2 physiological
(4)9 general (21)3 light (38)2 consideration (55)2 pulsatile
(5)8 both (22)3 local (39)2 controlled (56)2 scanning
(6)8 which (23)3 mechanical (40)2 current (57)2 serum-free
(7)7 various (24)2 *null* (41)2 evaluation (58)2 several
(8)6 conditions (25)2 12 (42)2 ex (59)2 simulated
(9)6 curve (26)2 15 (43)2 extreme (60)2 specific
(10)6 static (27)2 2 (44)2 four (61)2 steady-state
(11)5 and (28)2 CA (45)2 hypertensive (62)2 therapy
(12)4 5 (29)2 CT (46)2 hypoxia (63)2 this
(13)4 certain (30)2 H2O2-induced (47)2 hypoxic (64)2 time
(14)4 control (31)2 UV (48)2 inflammatory (65)2 treatment
(15)4 either (32)2 acute (49)2 laser (66)2 ultrasound
(16)4 in (33)2 additive (50)2 lateral (67)2 vertical
(17)4 normal (34)2 adverse (51)2 mortality (68)2 water

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--- WordNet output for under --- =>以下の, (治療, 試練, 刑罰)を受けて, 下部の, の下に, ・・の下に Overview of adj under The adj under has 2 senses (first 2 from tagged texts) 1. (2) nether, under -- (located below or beneath something else; "nether garments"; "the under parts of a machine") 2. (1) under -- (lower in rank, power, or authority; "an under secretary") Overview of adv under The adv under has 8 senses (first 1 from tagged texts) 1. (2) under -- (down to defeat, death, or ruin; "their competitors went under") 2. under -- (through a range downward; "children six and under will be admitted free") 3. under -- (into unconsciousness; "this will put the patient under") 4. under -- (in or into a state of subordination or subjugation; "we must keep our disappointment under") 5. under -- (below some quantity or limit; "fifty dollars or under") 6. under -- (below the horizon; "the sun went under") 7. under -- (down below; "get under quickly!") 8. under, below -- (further down; "see under for further discussion") --- WordNet end ---