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331253 occurrences (No.58 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

210) The use of grouper fish parasites as an early warning system for environmental change in Indonesian coastal ecosystems is discussed.

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PMID:24018181 DOI:10.1017/S0022149X1300062X

2015 Journal of helminthology

* Parasites of the grouper fish Epinephelus coioides (Serranidae) as potential environmental indicators in Indonesian coastal ecosystems.

- A total of 195 Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton, 1822) were studied for fish parasites from Javanese (Segara Anakan lagoon) and Balinese waters. Up to 25 different parasite species belonging to the following taxa: one Ciliata, one Microsporea, five Digenea, one Monogenea, four Cestoda, four Nematoda, one Acanthocephala, one Hirudinea and seven Crustacea were identified with four new host and locality records. The dominant parasites included the monogenean Pseudorhabdosynochus lantauensis (53.3-97.1%), the nematode Spirophilometra endangae (23.3-42.9%), the digenean Didymodiclinus sp. (2.9-40.0%), the nematodes Philometra sp. (22.6-34.3%) and Raphidascaris sp. (2.9-28.6%), and the isopod Alcirona sp. (6.7-31.4%). Regional differences for E. coioides were found in terms of endoparasite diversity, total diversity according to Shannon-Wiener, Simpson index and Evenness. A comparison with published data from Sumatera revealed highest endoparasite diversity (Shannon-Wiener: 1.86/1.67-2.04) and lowest ectoparasite/endoparasite ratio (0.73/0.57-0.88) off the Balinese coast, followed by Lampung Bay, Sumatera (1.84; 0.67), off the coast of Segara Anakan lagoon (1.71; 0.71), and in the lagoon (0.30/0.19-0.66; 0.85/0.67-1.00). The presented data demonstrate the natural range of these parameters and parasite prevalences according to habitat and region, allowing adjustment of the scale that has been used in the visual integration of the parasite parameters into a star graph. The parasite fauna of E. coioides in Segara Anakan lagoon 'improved' from 2004 until 2008/09, possibly related to earlier oil spill events in 2002 and 2004. The use of grouper fish parasites as an early warning system for environmental change in Indonesian coastal ecosystems is discussed.

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(1)88 null	(12)6 by	(23)3 (ANS)	(34)2 diseases
(2)30 and	(13)6 has	(24)3 (CNS)	(35)2 including
(3)19 is	(14)5 are	(25)3 a	(36)2 involvement
(4)18 of	(15)5 might	(26)3 after	(37)2 known
(5)18 was	(16)5 the	(27)3 as	(38)2 on
(6)17 in	(17)4 Adhesive	(28)3 based	(39)2 one
(7)16 that	(18)4 can	(29)3 development	(40)2 plays
(8)15 for	(19)4 have	(30)3 we	(41)2 related
(9)13 to	(20)4 may	(31)2 (GIS)	(42)2 results
(10)8 which	(21)4 using	(32)2 containing	(43)2 used
(11)7 with	(22)4 were	(33)2 demonstrated

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--- WordNet output for system --- =>制度組織体系的方式, システム, 組織, 整然とした手順, (思想などの)体系, 体制 Overview of noun system The noun system has 9 senses (first 8 from tagged texts) 1. (43) system -- (instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity; "he bought a new stereo system"; "the system consists of a motor and a small computer") 2. (23) system, scheme -- (a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole; "a vast system of production and distribution and consumption keep the country going") 3. (14) system -- ((physical chemistry) a sample of matter in which substances in different phases are in equilibrium; "in a static system oil cannot be replaced by water on a surface"; "a system generating hydrogen peroxide") 4. (10) system, system of rules -- (a complex of methods or rules governing behavior; "they have to operate under a system they oppose"; "that language has a complex system for indicating gender") 5. (8) arrangement, organization, organisation, system -- (an organized structure for arranging or classifying; "he changed the arrangement of the topics"; "the facts were familiar but it was in the organization of them that he was original"; "he tried to understand their system of classification") 6. (7) system -- (a group of physiologically or anatomically related organs or parts; "the body has a system of organs for digestion") 7. (6) system -- (a procedure or process for obtaining an objective; "they had to devise a system that did not depend on cooperation") 8. (1) system -- (the living body considered as made up of interdependent components forming a unified whole; "exercise helped him get the alcohol out of his system") 9. organization, organisation, system -- (an ordered manner; orderliness by virtue of being methodical and well organized; "his compulsive organization was not an endearing quality"; "we can't do it unless we establish some system around here") --- WordNet end ---