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return kwic search for role out of >500 occurrences
507580 occurrences (No.24 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

206) In the present study, we investigated whether ROS might play a critical role in MC-LR-induced hyperphosphorylation of microtubule-associated protein tau and the activation of the MAPKs in PC12 cell line.

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PMID:24142891 DOI:10.1002/tox.21914

2015 Environmental toxicology

* Microcystin-LR-caused ROS generation involved in p38 activation and tau hyperphosphorylation in neuroendocrine (PC12) cells.

- Microcystin-LR (MC-LR), a potent specific hepatotoxin produced by cyanobacteria, has recently been reported to show neurotoxicity. Our previous study demonstrated that MC-LR caused the reorganization of cytoskeleton architectures and hyperphosphorylation of the cytoskeletal-associated proteins tau and HSP27 in neuroendocrine PC12 cell line by direct PP2A inhibition and indirect p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. It has been shown that oxidative stress is extensively associated with MC-LR toxicity, mainly resulting from an excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the mechanisms by which ROS mediates the cytotoxic action of MC-LR are unclear. In the present study, we investigated whether ROS might play a critical role in MC-LR-induced hyperphosphorylation of microtubule-associated protein tau and the activation of the MAPKs in PC12 cell line. The results showed that MC-LR had time- and concentration-dependent effects on ROS generation, p38-MAPK activation and tau phosphorylation. The time-course studies indicated similar biphasic changes in ROS generation and tau hyperphosphorylation, which started to increase within 1 h and reached the maximum level at 3 h followed by a decrease after prolonged treatment. Furthermore, pretreatment with the antioxidants, N-acetylcysteine and vitamin C, significantly decreased MC-LR-induced ROS generation and effectively attenuated p38-MAPK activation as well as tau hyperphosphorylation. Taken together, these findings suggest that ROS generation triggered by MC-LR is a key intracellular event that contributes to an induction of p38-MAPK activation and tau phosphorylation, and that blockade of this ROS-mediated redox-sensitive signal cascades may attenuate the toxic effects of MC-LR.

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(1)200 of	(4)14 null	(7)6 that	(10)2 by
(2)197 in	(5)9 and	(8)6 to	(11)2 during
(3)21 for	(6)9 as	(9)3 these	(12)2 limitations

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--- WordNet output for role --- =>役目, 役割, 任務, 職務, 役 Overview of noun role The noun role has 4 senses (first 4 from tagged texts) 1. (34) function, office, part, role -- (the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group; "the function of a teacher"; "the government must do its part"; "play its role") 2. (10) character, role, theatrical role, part, persona -- (an actor's portrayal of someone in a play; "she played the part of Desdemona") 3. (8) function, purpose, role, use -- (what something is used for; "the function of an auger is to bore holes"; "ballet is beautiful but what use is it?") 4. (6) role -- (normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting; "what is your role on the team?") --- WordNet end ---