* Optimal designs for epidemiologic longitudinal studies with binary outcomes.
- Alternating presence and absence of a medical condition in human subjects is often modelled as an outcome of underlying process dynamics. Longitudinal studies provide important insights into research questions involving such dynamics. This article concerns optimal designs for studies in which the dynamics are modelled as a binary continuous-time Markov process. Either one or both the transition rate parameters in the model are to be estimated with maximum precision from a sequence of observations made at discrete times on a number of subjects. The design questions concern the choice of time interval between observations, the initial state of each subject and the choice between number of subjects versus repeated observations per subject. Sequential designs are considered due to dependence of the designs on the model parameters. The optimal time spacing can be approximated by the reciprocal of the sum of the two rates. The initial distribution of the study subjects should be taken into account when relatively few repeated samples per subject are to be collected. A study with a reasonably large size should be designed in more than one phase because there are then enough observations to be spent in the first phase to revise the time spacing for the subsequent phases.
=>供給する, 与える, 規定する, 条件とする, 準備する, 用意する, 扶養する, 援助する
Overview of verb provide
The verb provide has 7 senses (first 4 from tagged texts)
1. (270) supply, provide, render, furnish -- (give something useful or necessary to; "We provided
the room with an electrical heater")
2. (25) provide, supply, ply, cater -- (give what is desired or needed, especially support, food or
sustenance; "The hostess provided lunch for all the guests")
3. (14) provide -- (determine (what is to happen in certain contingencies), especially by including
a proviso condition or stipulation; "The will provides that each child should receive half of the
money"; "The Constitution provides for the right to free speech")
4. (2) put up, provide, offer -- (mount or put up; "put up a good fight"; "offer resistance")
5. leave, allow for, allow, provide -- (make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be
attainable or cause to remain; "This leaves no room for improvement"; "The evidence allows only one
conclusion"; "allow for mistakes"; "leave lots of time for the trip"; "This procedure provides for
lots of leeway")
6. provide, bring home the bacon -- (supply means of subsistence; earn a living; "He provides for
his large family by working three jobs"; "Women nowadays not only take care of the household but
also bring home the bacon")
7. provide -- (take measures in preparation for; "provide for the proper care of the passengers on
the cruise ship")
--- WordNet end ---