ELIZA cgi-bash version rev. 1.90
- Medical English LInking keywords finder for the PubMed Zipped Archive (ELIZA) -

return kwic search for molecular out of >500 occurrences
333489 occurrences (No.56 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found
9) Thus far, the exact molecular mechanisms by which inactivated AIP exerts its tumor-promoting action have been unclear.
--- ABSTRACT ---
PMID:24662816 DOI:10.1038/onc.2014.50
2015 Oncogene
* AIP inactivation leads to pituitary tumorigenesis through defective Gαi-cAMP signaling.
- The aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein (AIP) is a tumor-suppressor gene underlying the pituitary adenoma predisposition. Thus far, the exact molecular mechanisms by which inactivated AIP exerts its tumor-promoting action have been unclear. To better understand the role of AIP in pituitary tumorigenesis, we performed gene expression microarray analysis to examine changes between Aip wild-type and knockout mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cell lines. Transcriptional analyses implied that Aip deficiency causes a dysfunction in cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling, as well as impairments in signaling cascades associated with developmental and immune-inflammatory responses. In vitro experiments showed that AIP deficiency increases intracellular cAMP concentrations in both MEF and murine pituitary adenoma cell lines. Based on knockdown of various G protein α subunits, we concluded that AIP deficiency leads to elevated cAMP concentrations through defective Gαi-2 and Gαi-3 proteins that normally inhibit cAMP synthesis. Furthermore, immunostaining of Gαi-2 revealed that AIP deficiency is associated with a clear reduction in Gαi-2 protein expression levels in human and mouse growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenomas, thus indicating defective Gαi signaling in these tumors. By contrast, all prolactin-secreting tumors showed prominent Gαi-2 protein levels, irrespective of Aip mutation status. We additionally observed reduced expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 and cAMP response element-binding protein levels in mouse and human AIP-deficient somatotropinomas. This study implies for the first time that a failure to inhibit cAMP synthesis through dysfunctional Gαi signaling underlies the development of GH-secreting pituitary adenomas in AIP mutation carriers.
--- ABSTRACT END ---
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[frequency of next (right) word to molecular]
(1)52 mechanisms (19)5 docking (37)3 recognition (55)2 heparin
(2)26 weight (20)5 information (38)3 serotyping (56)2 identification
(3)18 data (21)5 methods (39)3 sieve (57)2 knowledge
(4)18 mechanism (22)5 modeling (40)3 structure (58)2 mass
(5)16 dynamics (23)5 phylogenetic (41)3 techniques (59)2 mechanisms,
(6)15 and (24)5 targets (42)3 variance (60)2 or
(7)10 analysis (25)4 diagnosis (43)2 Dynamics (61)2 oxygen
(8)10 basis (26)4 interactions (44)2 approach (62)2 perspectives
(9)8 characterization (27)4 level (45)2 biological (63)2 phenotypic
(10)7 epidemiology (28)4 level, (46)2 classification (64)2 phylogenies
(11)7 genetic (29)4 responses (47)2 clock (65)2 probes
(12)7 imaging (30)4 target (48)2 dating (66)2 profiles
(13)6 biology (31)3 evolution (49)2 details (67)2 subtype
(14)6 changes (32)3 features (50)2 diffusion (68)2 therapies
(15)6 markers (33)3 levels (51)2 effects (69)2 underpinnings
(16)6 pathways (34)3 marker (52)2 events
(17)5 analyses (35)3 medicine (53)2 evidence
(18)5 characteristics (36)3 orbital (54)2 genetics

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--- WordNet output for molecular --- =>分子の Overview of adj molecular The adj molecular has 2 senses (first 1 from tagged texts) 1. (6) molecular -- (relating to or produced by or consisting of molecules; "molecular structure"; "molecular oxygen"; "molecular weight is the sum of all the atoms in a molecule") 2. molecular -- (relating to simple or elementary organization; "proceed by more and more detailed analysis to the molecular facts of perception"--G.A. Miller) --- WordNet end ---