ELIZA cgi-bash version rev. 1.90
- Medical English LInking keywords finder for the PubMed Zipped Archive (ELIZA) -

return kwic search for model out of >500 occurrences
469466 occurrences (No.35 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [cache]
83) Moreover, the poor discretisation of muscles relevant to the joint in analysis limits the applicability of the biomechanical model.
--- ABSTRACT ---
PMID:24156405 DOI:10.1080/10255842.2013.845879
2015 Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering
* Critical analysis of musculoskeletal modelling complexity in multibody biomechanical models of the upper limb.
- The inverse dynamics technique applied to musculoskeletal models, and supported by optimisation techniques, is used extensively to estimate muscle and joint reaction forces. However, the solutions of the redundant muscle force sharing problem are sensitive to the detail and modelling assumptions of the models used. This study presents four alternative biomechanical models of the upper limb with different levels of discretisation of muscles by bundles and muscle paths, and their consequences on the estimation of the muscle and joint reaction forces. The muscle force sharing problem is solved for the motions of abduction and anterior flexion, acquired using video imaging, through the minimisation of an objective function describing muscle metabolic energy consumption. While looking for the optimal solution, not only the equations of motion are satisfied but also the stability of the glenohumeral and scapulothoracic joints is preserved. The results show that a lower level of muscle discretisation provides worse estimations regarding the muscle forces. Moreover, the poor discretisation of muscles relevant to the joint in analysis limits the applicability of the biomechanical model. In this study, the biomechanical model of the upper limb describing the infraspinatus by a single bundle could not solve the complete motion of anterior flexion. Despite the small differences in the magnitude of the forces predicted by the biomechanical models with more complex muscular systems, in general, there are no significant variations in the muscular activity of equivalent muscles.
--- ABSTRACT END ---
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[frequency of next (right) word to model]
(1)63 of (12)7 as (23)3 assessment (34)2 demonstrated
(2)55 *null* (13)6 are (24)3 fit (35)2 it
(3)35 for (14)6 system (25)3 revealed (36)2 joints
(4)28 was (15)5 a (26)3 showed (37)2 may
(5)26 to (16)5 selection (27)3 systems (38)2 not
(6)16 and (17)5 which (28)3 were (39)2 results
(7)16 in (18)5 will (29)2 allows (40)2 species
(8)16 is (19)4 can (30)2 analyses (41)2 such
(9)16 with (20)4 parameters (31)2 appropriate (42)2 used
(10)12 that (21)4 using (32)2 biological
(11)8 the (22)4 we (33)2 consists

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--- WordNet output for model --- =>模型, 作る, 形に表わす, 模範, モデル, 型, 模型の, 模範となる, かたどる, 手本, モデルをする, 手本となる Overview of noun model The noun model has 9 senses (first 7 from tagged texts) 1. (19) model, theoretical account, framework -- (a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process; "the computer program was based on a model of the circulatory and respiratory systems") 2. (11) model -- (a type of product; "his car was an old model") 3. (6) model, poser -- (a person who poses for a photographer or painter or sculptor; "the president didn't have time to be a model so the artist worked from photos") 4. (4) model, simulation -- (representation of something (sometimes on a smaller scale)) 5. (3) exemplar, example, model, good example -- (something to be imitated; "an exemplar of success"; "a model of clarity"; "he is the very model of a modern major general") 6. (1) model, role model -- (someone worthy of imitation; "every child needs a role model") 7. (1) model, example -- (a representative form or pattern; "I profited from his example") 8. mannequin, manikin, mannikin, manakin, fashion model, model -- (a woman who wears clothes to display fashions; "she was too fat to be a mannequin") 9. model, modelling, modeling -- (the act of representing something (usually on a smaller scale)) Overview of verb model The verb model has 6 senses (first 2 from tagged texts) 1. (1) model, pattern -- (plan or create according to a model or models) 2. (1) model, mold, mould -- (form in clay, wax, etc; "model a head with clay") 3. model, pose, sit, posture -- (assume a posture as for artistic purposes; "We don't know the woman who posed for Leonardo so often") 4. model -- (display (clothes) as a mannequin; "model the latest fashion") 5. model, simulate -- (create a representation or model of; "The pilots are trained in conditions simulating high-altitude flights") 6. model, mock up -- (construct a model of; "model an airplane") Overview of adj model The adj model has 1 sense (first 1 from tagged texts) 1. (1) exemplary, model -- (worthy of imitation; "exemplary behavior"; "model citizens") --- WordNet end ---