* Genetic variations in base excision repair pathway and risk of bladder cancer: a case-control study in the United States.
- Base excision repair (BER) is one of the major cellular DNA repair pathways that repairs small isolated foci of DNA damage including reduced or oxidized single bases or fragments and small, non-bulky adducts. Genetic variations in BER genes may affect DNA repair capacity and increase susceptibility to bladder cancer. In a case-control study of 801 bladder cancer patients and 801 matched controls, we evaluated the associations of 167 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 19 genes of the BER pathway with the risk of bladder cancer. In individual SNP analysis, 13 SNPs in 10 BER pathway genes were significantly associated with bladder cancer risk. The most significant SNP was rs2029167 in the SMUG1 gene. The homozygous variant GG genotype was associated with a 1.42-fold increased risk of bladder cancer (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-1.82, P=0.005). Cumulative effect analysis showed joint effects of increased risk of bladder cancer with increasing number of unfavorable genotypes in patients. Classification and regression tree analysis further revealed high-order gene-gene interactions and categorized the study subjects into low-, medium-low-, medium-high-, and high-risk groups. Compared with the low-risk group, the odds ratio for medium-low-, medium-high-, and high-risk group was 1.83 (95% CI: 1.23-2.72), 2.61 (95% CI: 1.79-3.80), and 3.05 (95% CI: 2.08-4.46), respectively (P for trend<0.001). Our results suggest that genetic variations in BER pathway genes modulate the risk of bladder cancer individually and jointly.
=>大きくなる, を増す, 増大させる, 強まる, 増加, 増える, 増やす
Overview of noun increase
The noun increase has 5 senses (first 5 from tagged texts)
1. (49) addition, increase, gain -- (a quantity that is added; "there was an addition to property
taxes this year"; "they recorded the cattle's gain in weight over a period of weeks")
2. (21) increase -- (a change resulting in an increase; "the increase is scheduled for next month")
3. (7) increase, increment, growth -- (a process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous or
more important; "the increase in unemployment"; "the growth of population")
4. (3) increase, increment -- (the amount by which something increases; "they proposed an increase
of 15 percent in the fare")
5. (3) increase, step-up -- (the act of increasing something; "he gave me an increase in salary")
Overview of verb increase
The verb increase has 2 senses (first 2 from tagged texts)
1. (86) increase -- (become bigger or greater in amount; "The amount of work increased")
2. (61) increase -- (make bigger or more; "The boss finally increased her salary"; "The university
increased the number of students it admitted")
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