ELIZA

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385944 occurrences (No.46 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

374) The highest demineralization occurred in the Nd:YAG laser group (G2, 26.15% ± 1.94).

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PMID:23812850 DOI:10.1007/s10103-013-1380-8

2015 Lasers in medical science

* Influence of CO2 (10.6 μm) and Nd:YAG laser irradiation on the prevention of enamel caries around orthodontic brackets.

- One possible undesirable consequence of orthodontic therapy is the development of incipient caries lesions of enamel around brackets. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of CO2 (λ = 10.6 μm) and Nd:YAG (λ = 1,064 nm) lasers associated or not with topical fluoride application on the prevention of caries lesions around brackets. Brackets were bonded to the enamel of 65 premolars. The experimental groups (n = 13) were: G1--application of 1.23% acidulated fluoride phosphate gel (AFP, control); G2--Nd:YAG laser irradiation (0.6 W, 84.9 J/cm(2), 10 Hz, 110 μs, contact mode); G3--Nd:YAG laser irradiation associated with AFP; G4--CO2 laser irradiation (0.5 W, 28.6 J/cm(2), 50 Hz, 5 μs, and 10 mm focal distance); and G5--CO2 laser irradiation associated with AFP. Quantitative light-induced fluorescence was used to assess enamel demineralization. The data were statistically compared (α = 5%). The highest demineralization occurred in the Nd:YAG laser group (G2, 26.15% ± 1.94). The demineralization of all other groups was similar to that of the control group. In conclusion, CO2 laser alone was able to control enamel demineralization around brackets at the same level as that obtained with topical fluoride application.

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(1)49 null	(15)7 received	(29)3 II	(44)2 difference
(2)33 was	(16)5 at	(30)3 after	(45)2 displayed
(3)29 and	(17)5 for	(31)3 comprised	(46)2 dynamics-based
(4)25 of	(18)5 the	(32)3 in	(47)2 exhibited
(5)16 compared	(19)5 to	(33)3 when	(48)2 however,
(6)12 A	(20)4 (p	(34)2 (30	(49)2 improved
(7)12 were	(21)4 B	(35)2 (n	(50)2 included
(8)11 discussions	(22)4 C	(37)2 B,	(51)2 intervention
(9)10 than	(23)4 differences	(38)2 III	(52)2 interventions
(10)9 I	(24)4 or	(39)2 V	(53)2 interviews
(11)8 had	(25)3 1,	(40)2 a	(54)2 patients
(12)8 showed	(26)3 2	(41)2 as	(55)2 presented
(13)8 with	(27)3 4	(42)2 contains	(56)2 that
(14)7 1	(28)3 A,	(43)2 demonstrated

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--- WordNet output for group --- =>一団にする, 集める, 分派, 集団, グループ, 分類する, 演奏家グループ, 集まる, 分ける Overview of noun group The noun group has 3 senses (first 2 from tagged texts) 1. (1345) group, grouping -- (any number of entities (members) considered as a unit) 2. (1) group, radical, chemical group -- ((chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule) 3. group, mathematical group -- (a set that is closed, associative, has an identity element and every element has an inverse) Overview of verb group The verb group has 2 senses (first 2 from tagged texts) 1. (4) group -- (arrange into a group or groups; "Can you group these shapes together?") 2. (1) group, aggroup -- (form a group or group together) --- WordNet end ---