ELIZA cgi-bash version rev. 1.90
- Medical English LInking keywords finder for the PubMed Zipped Archive (ELIZA) -

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298283 occurrences (No.79 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found
13) Further studies of the effects of oxidized DNA in both in vitro and in vivo systems are warranted.
--- ABSTRACT ---
PMID:24045040 DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2013.09.005
2015 Cancer letters
* Oxidized extracellular DNA as a stress signal that may modify response to anticancer therapy.
- An increase in the levels of oxidation is a universal feature of genomic DNA of irradiated or aged or even malignant cells. In case of apoptotic death of stressed cells, oxidized DNA can be released in circulation (cfDNA). According to the results of the studies performed in vitro by our group and other researchers, the oxidized cfDNA serves as a biomarker for a stress and a stress signal that is transmitted from the "stressed" area i.e. irradiated cells or cells with deficient anti-oxidant defenses to distant (bystander) cells. In recipient cells, oxidized DNA stimulates biosynthesis of ROS that is followed up by an increase in the number of single strand and double strand breaks (SSBs and DSBs), and activation of DNA Damage Response (DDR) pathway. Effects of oxidized DNA are considered similar to that of irradiation. It seems that downstream effects of irradiation, in part, depend on the release of oxidized DNA fragments that mediate the effects in distant cells. The responses of normal and tumor cell to oxidized DNA may differ. It seems that tumor cells are more sensitive to oxidized DNA-dependent DNA damage, while developing pronounced adaptive response. This may suggest that in chemotherapy or irradiation-treated human body, the release of oxidized DNA from dying cancer cells may give a boost to remaining malignant cells by augmenting their survival and stress resistance. Further studies of the effects of oxidized DNA in both in vitro and in vivo systems are warranted.
--- ABSTRACT END ---
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(1)39 studies (16)4 developed (31)2 analyses (46)2 insights
(2)32 research (17)4 in (32)2 analyzed (47)2 monitoring
(3)18 investigation (18)4 supported (33)2 application (48)2 optimization
(4)18 study (19)3 *null* (34)2 as (49)2 prospective
(5)11 the (20)3 a (35)2 assessed (50)2 protection
(6)10 investigations (21)3 clinical (36)2 complications (51)2 spread
(7)8 analysis (22)3 evaluation (37)2 divided (52)2 suggests
(8)7 evidence (23)3 exploration (38)2 elucidate (53)2 supporting
(9)7 phylogenetic (24)3 explore (39)2 enhance (54)2 supports
(10)6 explored (25)3 for (40)2 episodes (55)2 taxonomic
(11)5 development (26)3 increased (41)2 evaluated (56)2 that
(12)5 support (27)3 investigate (42)2 examination (57)2 used
(13)5 validation (28)3 molecular (43)2 identification
(14)4 by (29)3 understand (44)2 improvement
(15)4 confirmed (30)2 advances (45)2 increase

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--- WordNet output for further --- =>1.さらにずっと, さらに先に, 一層遠く, その上, 更に, もっと遠い, なお一層の, さらに遠く, もっと先に, いっそうはるかに, さらにまた, さらになお(furthermore), 2.進める, 助成する, 促進する Overview of verb further The verb further has 2 senses (first 2 from tagged texts) 1. (7) foster, further -- (promote the growth of; "Foster our children's well-being and education") 2. (2) promote, advance, boost, further, encourage -- (contribute to the progress or growth of; "I am promoting the use of computers in the classroom") Overview of adj further The adj further has 1 sense (first 1 from tagged texts) 1. (2) further, farther -- (more distant in especially degree; "nothing could be further from the truth"; "further from our expectations"; "farther from the truth"; "farther from our expectations") Overview of adv further The adv further has 3 senses (first 3 from tagged texts) 1. (33) further, farther -- (to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (`further' is used more often than `farther' in this abstract sense); "further complicated by uncertainty about the future"; "let's not discuss it further"; "nothing could be further from the truth"; "they are further along in their research than we expected"; "the application of the law was extended farther"; "he is going no farther in his studies") 2. (10) further -- (in addition or furthermore; "if we further suppose"; "stated further that he would not cooperate with them"; "they are definitely coming; further, they should be here already") 3. (1) farther, further -- (to or at a greater distance in time or space (`farther' is used more frequently than `further' in this physical sense); "farther north"; "moved farther away"; "farther down the corridor"; "the practice may go back still farther to the Druids"; "went only three miles further"; "further in the future") Overview of adv far The adv far has 5 senses (first 4 from tagged texts) 1. (61) far -- (to a considerable degree; very much; "a far far better thing that I do"; "felt far worse than yesterday"; "eyes far too close together") 2. (39) far -- (at or to or from a great distance in space; "he traveled far"; "strayed far from home"; "sat far away from each other") 3. (22) far -- (at or to a certain point or degree; "I can only go so far before I have to give up"; "how far can we get with this kind of argument?") 4. (3) far -- (remote in time; "if we could see far into the future"; "all that happened far in the past") 5. far -- (to an advanced stage or point; "a young man who will go very far") --- WordNet end ---