ELIZA

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286252 occurrences (No.88 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [cache]

80) We also observed a decreased expression of several presynaptic markers involved in excitatory (vesicular glutamate transporter-vglut2) and inhibitory (glutamic acid decarboxylase-GAD67, vesicular GABA transporter VGAT) transmission in the aged barrel cortex.

--- ABSTRACT ---

PMID:24659256 DOI:10.1007/s00429-014-0750-8

2015 Brain structure & function

* Altered glutamate/GABA equilibrium in aged mice cortex influences cortical plasticity.

- Age-related molecular changes in the synapse can cause plasticity decline. We found an impairment of experience-dependent cortical plasticity is induced by short lasting sensory conditioning in aged mice. However, extending the training procedure from 3 to 7 days triggered plasticity in the aged cortex of the same range as in young mice. Additionally, GABAergic markers (GABA, GAD67, VGAT) in young and aged groups that showed the plastic changes were upregulated. This effect was absent in the aged group with impaired plasticity, while the expression of Vglut1 increased in all trained groups. This may reflect the inefficiency of inhibitory mechanisms in the aging brain used to control increased excitation after training and to shape proper signal to noise ratio, which is essential for appropriate stimuli processing. HPLC analysis showed that the glutamate/GABA ratio was significantly reduced in aged animals due to a significant decrease in glutamate level. We also observed a decreased expression of several presynaptic markers involved in excitatory (vesicular glutamate transporter-vglut2) and inhibitory (glutamic acid decarboxylase-GAD67, vesicular GABA transporter VGAT) transmission in the aged barrel cortex. These changes may weaken the plasticity potential of neurons and impede the experience-dependent reorganization of cortical connections. We suggest that the imbalance toward inhibition resulting from a decrease of glutamate content in the aging cerebral cortex, together with GABAergic system ineffectiveness in upregulating GABA level after sensory training, contributes to the impairment of learning-dependent cortical plasticity.

--- ABSTRACT END ---

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(1)55 the	(15)3 key	(29)2 P-selectin,	(44)2 cell
(2)11 a	(16)3 multiple	(30)2 P2X3	(45)2 constitutively
(3)9 genes	(17)3 ncRAN	(32)2 Sema	(46)2 hyaluronan
(4)8 several	(18)3 nicotine-induced	(33)2 Siglec-9	(47)2 imprinted
(5)6 miR-218	(19)3 nuclear	(34)2 TAF4	(48)2 intercellular
(6)5 these	(20)3 specific	(35)2 Wnt	(49)2 membrane
(7)4 VEGF	(21)3 this	(36)2 acetyl-CoA	(50)2 miR-128
(8)4 first	(22)2 AdipoR1	(37)2 adhesion	(51)2 napsin
(9)4 matrix	(23)2 Caspase	(38)2 adiponectin	(52)2 phosphorylated
(10)3 CYP1A1	(24)2 FBP1	(39)2 angiogenic	(53)2 piRNA-823
(11)3 DNMT1	(25)2 GABAA	(40)2 anti-apoptotic	(54)2 pro-inflammatory
(12)3 all	(26)2 GLP-1R	(41)2 b-FGF,	(55)2 some
(13)3 cardiac	(27)2 Ki-67,	(42)2 c-Myc	(56)2 three
(14)3 integrin	(28)2 LOX-1	(43)2 cartilage

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--- WordNet output for expression --- =>表現すること, 式, 表現, 表示, 言い回し, 表現法, 表情 Overview of noun expression The noun expression has 9 senses (first 6 from tagged texts) 1. (23) expression, look, aspect, facial expression, face -- (the feelings expressed on a person's face; "a sad expression"; "a look of triumph"; "an angry face") 2. (18) expression, manifestation, reflection, reflexion -- (expression without words; "tears are an expression of grief"; "the pulse is a reflection of the heart's condition") 3. (15) expression, verbal expression, verbalism -- (the communication (in speech or writing) of your beliefs or opinions; "expressions of good will"; "he helped me find verbal expression for my ideas"; "the idea was immediate but the verbalism took hours") 4. (5) saying, expression, locution -- (a word or phrase that particular people use in particular situations; "pardon the expression") 5. (4) formulation, expression -- (the style of expressing yourself; "he suggested a better formulation"; "his manner of expression showed how much he cared") 6. (4) formula, expression -- (a group of symbols that make a mathematical statement) 7. expression -- ((genetics) the process of expressing a gene) 8. construction, grammatical construction, expression -- (a group of words that form a constituent of a sentence and are considered as a single unit; "I concluded from his awkward constructions that he was a foreigner") 9. expression -- (the act of forcing something out by squeezing or pressing; "the expression of milk from her breast") --- WordNet end ---