ELIZA cgi-bash version rev. 1.90
- Medical English LInking keywords finder for the PubMed Zipped Archive (ELIZA) -
return
kwic search for due to out of >500 occurrences
319715 occurrences (No.67 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache]
500 found
221) Yet, it is unclear whether these neurochemicals return to homeostatic levels after an individual abstains from drug use, a difficult question to address due to high recidivism and poor study retention in human subjects.
* Withdrawal from long-term methamphetamine self-administration 'normalizes' neurometabolites in rhesus monkeys: a (1) H MR spectroscopy study.
- (1) H magnetic resonance spectroscopy has demonstrated alterations in several neurometabolites in methamphetamine (METH)-dependent individuals in brain regions implicated in addiction. Yet, it is unclear whether these neurochemicals return to homeostatic levels after an individual abstains from drug use, a difficult question to address due to high recidivism and poor study retention in human subjects. We thus utilized a non-human primate model of addiction to explore the effects of long-term drug exposure and withdrawal on brain neurochemistry. Ten rhesus macaque monkeys on an active METH self-administration protocol (average use 4.6 ± 0.8 years, average daily intake between 0.4 and 1.2 mg/kg) and 10 age- and sex-matched drug-naive controls (CONT) served as subjects. Concentrations of several neurochemicals were evaluated at several timepoints following withdrawal from drug availability (10 monkeys at 1 week and 1 and 3 months, and 6 monkeys at 6 and 12 months; CONT examined at one timepoint). At 1 week following METH withdrawal, we found increases in myo-inositol in anterior cingulate cortex in the METH group relative to CONT. These alterations showed a linear pattern of decreased levels ('normalization') by 1 year of abstinence. We also found decreases in glutamine and Glx (composed mainly of glutamate and glutamine) in the caudate-putamen of the same animals at early withdrawal that showed a similar linear pattern of increasing concentration by 1 year. These results demonstrate that despite protracted, long-term use, neurochemical changes seen following long-term drug administration do not persist following prolonged abstinence, suggesting therapeutic effects of long-term withdrawal from drug use.
=>1.予定の, 支払期日がきて, 当然支払われるべき, 2.支払[提出]期日, 満期日, 会費
Overview of noun due
The noun due has 2 senses (first 1 from tagged texts)
1. (4) due -- (that which is deserved or owed; "give the devil his due")
2. due -- (a payment that is due (e.g., as the price of membership); "the society dropped him for
non-payment of dues")
Overview of adj due
The adj due has 4 senses (first 2 from tagged texts)
1. (6) due -- (owed and payable immediately or on demand; "payment is due")
2. (1) due -- (scheduled to arrive; "the train is due in 15 minutes")
3. due -- (suitable to or expected in the circumstances; "all due respect"; "due cause to honor
them"; "a long due promotion"; "in due course"; "due esteem"; "exercising due care")
4. ascribable, due, imputable, referable -- (capable of being assigned or credited to; "punctuation
errors ascribable to careless proofreading"; "the cancellation of the concert was due to the rain";
"the oversight was not imputable to him")
Overview of adv due
The adv due has 1 sense (no senses from tagged texts)
1. due -- (directly or exactly; straight; "went due North")
--- WordNet end ---