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286534 occurrences (No.87 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

341) Survivors of TBI demonstrated increased reliance on adaptive task control processes within an a priori core region for cognitive control in the medial frontal cortex.

--- ABSTRACT ---

PMID:24557637 DOI:10.1093/cercor/bhu023

2015 Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)

* Altered Cognitive Control Activations after Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury and Their Relationship to Injury Severity and Everyday-Life Function.

- This study investigated how the neuronal underpinnings of both adaptive and stable cognitive control processes are affected by traumatic brain injury (TBI). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was undertaken in 62 survivors of moderate-to-severe TBI (>1 year after injury) and 68 healthy controls during performance of a continuous performance test adapted for use in a mixed block- and event-related design. Survivors of TBI demonstrated increased reliance on adaptive task control processes within an a priori core region for cognitive control in the medial frontal cortex. TBI survivors also had increased activations related to time-on-task effects during stable task-set maintenance in right inferior parietal and prefrontal cortices. Increased brain activations in TBI survivors had a dose-dependent linear positive relationship to injury severity and were negatively correlated with self-reported cognitive control problems in everyday-life situations. Results were adjusted for age, education, and fMRI task performance. In conclusion, evidence was provided that the neural underpinnings of adaptive and stable control processes are differently affected by TBI. Moreover, it was demonstrated that increased brain activations typically observed in survivors of TBI might represent injury-specific compensatory adaptations also utilized in everyday-life situations.

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(1)158 that	(10)5 good	(19)3 excellent	(28)2 efficacy
(2)48 the	(11)5 increased	(20)3 more	(29)2 greater
(3)40 a	(12)5 significantly	(21)3 no	(30)2 how
(4)23 by	(13)4 as	(22)3 that,	(31)2 successful
(5)21 to	(14)4 better	(23)2 acceptable	(32)2 through
(6)13 in	(15)4 improved	(24)2 and	(33)2 using
(7)12 null	(16)4 its	(25)2 both
(8)11 an	(17)4 similar	(26)2 decreased
(9)8 for	(18)3 between	(27)2 differential

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--- WordNet output for demonstrated --- Overview of verb demonstrate The verb demonstrate has 4 senses (first 4 from tagged texts) 1. (24) show, demo, exhibit, present, demonstrate -- (give an exhibition of to an interested audience; "She shows her dogs frequently"; "We will demo the new software in Washington") 2. (22) prove, demonstrate, establish, show, shew -- (establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment; "The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound"; "The mathematician showed the validity of the conjecture") 3. (2) attest, certify, manifest, demonstrate, evidence -- (provide evidence for; stand as proof of; show by one's behavior, attitude, or external attributes; "His high fever attested to his illness"; "The buildings in Rome manifest a high level of architectural sophistication"; "This decision demonstrates his sense of fairness") 4. (1) demonstrate, march -- (march in protest; take part in a demonstration; "Thousands demonstrated against globalization during the meeting of the most powerful economic nations in Seattle") Overview of adj demonstrated The adj demonstrated has 1 sense (first 1 from tagged texts) 1. (1) demonstrated -- (having been demonstrated or verified beyond doubt) --- WordNet end ---