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286534 occurrences (No.87 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

16) These results demonstrated that HuN4 infection induced higher cytokine levels than that of CH-1a infection induced.

--- ABSTRACT ---

PMID:24308664 DOI:10.1111/tbed.12190

2015 Transboundary and emerging diseases

* Comparative Analysis of Immune Responses in Pigs to High and Low Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Viruses Isolated in China.

- The CH-1a and HuN4 strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) show different pathogenicities in pigs. To understand host immune responses against these viruses, we investigated the dynamic changes in cytokine levels produced in peripheral blood of piglets infected with the highly pathogenic PRRSV HuN4 strain or the CH-1a strain. Clinical signs, virus loads and serum cytokine levels [interferon(IFN)-α, Interleukin (IL)-1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12, IFN-γ, IL-10 and TGF-β] were tested. The results showed that while piglets developed effective cellular immune responses against CH-1a infection, those infected with HuN4 displayed ineffective cellular immunity, organ lesions and persistent elevated levels of immunoregulatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β), which delayed the development of PRRSV-specific immune responses. These results demonstrated that HuN4 infection induced higher cytokine levels than that of CH-1a infection induced. The changes in inflammatory cytokines intensified the inflammatory reaction and damaged the tissues and organs.

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[frequency of next (right) word to demonstrated]

(1)158 that	(10)5 good	(19)3 excellent	(28)2 efficacy
(2)48 the	(11)5 increased	(20)3 more	(29)2 greater
(3)40 a	(12)5 significantly	(21)3 no	(30)2 how
(4)23 by	(13)4 as	(22)3 that,	(31)2 successful
(5)21 to	(14)4 better	(23)2 acceptable	(32)2 through
(6)13 in	(15)4 improved	(24)2 and	(33)2 using
(7)12 null	(16)4 its	(25)2 both
(8)11 an	(17)4 similar	(26)2 decreased
(9)8 for	(18)3 between	(27)2 differential

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--- WordNet output for demonstrated --- Overview of verb demonstrate The verb demonstrate has 4 senses (first 4 from tagged texts) 1. (24) show, demo, exhibit, present, demonstrate -- (give an exhibition of to an interested audience; "She shows her dogs frequently"; "We will demo the new software in Washington") 2. (22) prove, demonstrate, establish, show, shew -- (establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment; "The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound"; "The mathematician showed the validity of the conjecture") 3. (2) attest, certify, manifest, demonstrate, evidence -- (provide evidence for; stand as proof of; show by one's behavior, attitude, or external attributes; "His high fever attested to his illness"; "The buildings in Rome manifest a high level of architectural sophistication"; "This decision demonstrates his sense of fairness") 4. (1) demonstrate, march -- (march in protest; take part in a demonstration; "Thousands demonstrated against globalization during the meeting of the most powerful economic nations in Seattle") Overview of adj demonstrated The adj demonstrated has 1 sense (first 1 from tagged texts) 1. (1) demonstrated -- (having been demonstrated or verified beyond doubt) --- WordNet end ---