* Influence of CO2 (10.6 μm) and Nd:YAG laser irradiation on the prevention of enamel caries around orthodontic brackets.
- One possible undesirable consequence of orthodontic therapy is the development of incipient caries lesions of enamel around brackets. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of CO2 (λ = 10.6 μm) and Nd:YAG (λ = 1,064 nm) lasers associated or not with topical fluoride application on the prevention of caries lesions around brackets. Brackets were bonded to the enamel of 65 premolars. The experimental groups (n = 13) were: G1--application of 1.23% acidulated fluoride phosphate gel (AFP, control); G2--Nd:YAG laser irradiation (0.6 W, 84.9 J/cm(2), 10 Hz, 110 μs, contact mode); G3--Nd:YAG laser irradiation associated with AFP; G4--CO2 laser irradiation (0.5 W, 28.6 J/cm(2), 50 Hz, 5 μs, and 10 mm focal distance); and G5--CO2 laser irradiation associated with AFP. Quantitative light-induced fluorescence was used to assess enamel demineralization. The data were statistically compared (α = 5%). The highest demineralization occurred in the Nd:YAG laser group (G2, 26.15% ± 1.94). The demineralization of all other groups was similar to that of the control group. In conclusion, CO2 laser alone was able to control enamel demineralization around brackets at the same level as that obtained with topical fluoride application.
=>1.管理する, 制御する, 統制する, 抑える, 2.コントロール, 実験対象, 管理, 対照標準
Overview of noun control
The noun control has 11 senses (first 9 from tagged texts)
1. (19) control -- (power to direct or determine; "under control")
2. (16) control -- (a relation of constraint of one entity (thing or person or group) by another;
"measures for the control of disease"; "they instituted controls over drinking on campus")
3. (7) control -- ((physiology) regulation or maintenance of a function or action or reflex etc;
"the timing and control of his movements were unimpaired"; "he had lost control of his sphincters")
4. (5) control condition, control -- (a standard against which other conditions can be compared in a
scientific experiment; "the control condition was inappropriate for the conclusions he wished to
draw")
5. (5) control -- (the activity of managing or exerting control over something; "the control of the
mob by the police was admirable")
6. (4) dominance, ascendance, ascendence, ascendancy, ascendency, control -- (the state that exists
when one person or group has power over another; "her apparent dominance of her husband was really
her attempt to make him pay attention to her")
7. (3) restraint, control -- (discipline in personal and social activities; "he was a model of
polite restraint"; "she never lost control of herself")
8. (2) command, control, mastery -- (great skillfulness and knowledge of some subject or activity;
"a good command of French")
9. (1) control, controller -- (a mechanism that controls the operation of a machine; "the speed
controller on his turntable was not working properly"; "I turned the controls over to her")
10. control -- (a spiritual agency that is assumed to assist the medium during a seance)
11. control -- (the economic policy of controlling or limiting or curbing prices or wages etc.;
"they wanted to repeal all the legislation that imposed economic controls")
Overview of verb control
The verb control has 8 senses (first 4 from tagged texts)
1. (28) control, command -- (exercise authoritative control or power over; "control the budget";
"Command the military forces")
2. (20) control, hold in, hold, contain, check, curb, moderate -- (lessen the intensity of; temper;
hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits; "moderate your alcohol intake"; "hold your tongue";
"hold your temper"; "control your anger")
3. (7) operate, control -- (handle and cause to function; "do not operate machinery after imbibing
alcohol"; "control the lever")
4. (1) manipulate, keep in line, control -- (control (others or oneself) or influence skillfully,
usually to one's advantage; "She manipulates her boss"; "She is a very controlling mother and
doesn't let her children grow up"; "The teacher knew how to keep the class in line"; "she keeps in
line")
5. control, verify -- (check or regulate (a scientific experiment) by conducting a parallel
experiment or comparing with another standard; "Are you controlling for the temperature?")
6. control -- (verify by using a duplicate register for comparison; "control an account")
7. see, check, insure, see to it, ensure, control, ascertain, assure -- (be careful or certain to do
something; make certain of something; "He verified that the valves were closed"; "See that the
curtains are closed"; "control the quality of the product")
8. master, control -- (have a firm understanding or knowledge of; be on top of; "Do you control
these data?")
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