ELIZA

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332920 occurrences (No.57 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

355) The histopathological studies in the brain of rats also supported that QE markedly reduced the Cd-induced histopathological changes and well preserved the normal histological architecture of the frontal cortex tissue.

--- ABSTRACT ---

PMID:23645211 DOI:10.1177/0748233713486960

2015 Toxicology and industrial health

* Role of quercetin in cadmium-induced oxidative stress, neuronal damage, and apoptosis in rats.

- The present study was carried out to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of quercetin (QE) in protecting the cadmium (Cd)-induced neuronal injury in frontal cortex of rats. A total of 30 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups of 10 animals each: control, Cd treated and Cd treated with QE. The Cd-treated group was injected subcutaneously with cadmium chloride (CdCl2) dissolved in saline at a dose of 2 ml/kg/day for 30 days, resulting in a dosage of 1 mg/kg Cd. The rats in QE-treated groups were given QE (15 mg/kg body weight) once a day intraperitoneally starting 2 days prior to Cd injection, during the study period. Rats were sacrificed at the end of the study and the frontal cortex tissues were removed for biochemical and histopathological investigation. To date, there is no available information on the effect of QE on neuronal injury after Cd exposure. Rats intoxicated with Cd for 30 days, significantly increased tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and significantly decreased enzymatic antioxidants superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase in the frontal cortex tissue. Administration of QE with Cd significantly diminished the levels of MDA and significantly elevated the levels of enzymatic antioxidants in the frontal cortex tissue. The histopathological studies in the brain of rats also supported that QE markedly reduced the Cd-induced histopathological changes and well preserved the normal histological architecture of the frontal cortex tissue. The caspase-3 immunopositivity was increased in degenerating neurons of the Cd group. Treatment with QE markedly reduced the immunoreactivity of degenerating neurons. In conclusion, the results of the current study suggest that QE may be beneficial in combating the Cd-induced neurotoxicity in the brain of rats. We believe that further preclinical research into the utility of QE may indicate its usefulness as a potential treatment for neurodegeneration after Cd exposure in rats.

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(2)31 of	(9)7 during	(16)3 over	(23)2 induced
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(6)13 and	(13)3 as	(20)2 can	(27)2 such
(7)8 are	(14)3 by	(21)2 could	(28)2 which

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--- WordNet output for changes --- Overview of noun change The noun change has 10 senses (first 7 from tagged texts) 1. (46) change, alteration, modification -- (an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another; "the change was intended to increase sales"; "this storm is certainly a change for the worse"; "the neighborhood had undergone few modifications since his last visit years ago") 2. (45) change -- (a relational difference between states; especially between states before and after some event; "he attributed the change to their marriage") 3. (17) change -- (the action of changing something; "the change of government had no impact on the economy"; "his change on abortion cost him the election") 4. (13) change -- (the result of alteration or modification; "there were marked changes in the lining of the lungs"; "there had been no change in the mountains") 5. (2) change -- (the balance of money received when the amount you tender is greater than the amount due; "I paid with a twenty and pocketed the change") 6. (1) change -- (a thing that is different; "he inspected several changes before selecting one") 7. (1) change -- (a different or fresh set of clothes; "she brought a change in her overnight bag") 8. change -- (coins of small denomination regarded collectively; "he had a pocketful of change") 9. change -- (money received in return for its equivalent in a larger denomination or a different currency; "he got change for a twenty and used it to pay the taxi driver") 10. variety, change -- (a difference that is usually pleasant; "he goes to France for variety"; "it is a refreshing change to meet a woman mechanic") Overview of verb change The verb change has 10 senses (first 8 from tagged texts) 1. (57) change, alter, modify -- (cause to change; make different; cause a transformation; "The advent of the automobile may have altered the growth pattern of the city"; "The discussion has changed my thinking about the issue") 2. (54) change -- (undergo a change; become different in essence; losing one's or its original nature; "She changed completely as she grew older"; "The weather changed last night") 3. (13) change, alter, vary -- (become different in some particular way, without permanently losing one's or its former characteristics or essence; "her mood changes in accordance with the weather"; "The supermarket's selection of vegetables varies according to the season") 4. (7) switch, shift, change -- (lay aside, abandon, or leave for another; "switch to a different brand of beer"; "She switched psychiatrists"; "The car changed lanes") 5. (6) change -- (change clothes; put on different clothes; "Change before you go to the opera") 6. (5) change, exchange, commute, convert -- (exchange or replace with another, usually of the same kind or category; "Could you convert my dollars into pounds?"; "He changed his name"; "convert centimeters into inches"; "convert holdings into shares") 7. (3) exchange, change, interchange -- (give to, and receive from, one another; "Would you change places with me?"; "We have been exchanging letters for a year") 8. (3) transfer, change -- (change from one vehicle or transportation line to another; "She changed in Chicago on her way to the East coast") 9. deepen, change -- (become deeper in tone; "His voice began to change when he was 12 years old"; "Her voice deepened when she whispered the password") 10. change -- (remove or replace the coverings of; "Father had to learn how to change the baby"; "After each guest we changed the bed linens") --- WordNet end ---