ELIZA

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579792 occurrences (No.16 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

164) In hemodialysis patients, additional studies are warranted to verify the risk/benefit ratio of warfarin, which appears to be associated with significant morbidity and increased mortality.

--- ABSTRACT ---

PMID:23927679 DOI:10.1111/hepr.12218

2015 Current vascular pharmacology

* Prevalence of vertebral fractures, vascular calcifications, and mortality in warfarin treated hemodialysis patients.

- Warfarin inhibits vitamin-K dependent proteins involved in bone mineralization and the prevention of vascular calcification (bone Gla protein BGP, matrix Gla protein MGP). In this multicenter, cross-sectional study with 3-year follow-up, data from 387 patients on hemodialysis for ≥1 year at 18 dialysis units were analyzed. Patients on warfarin treatment for > 1 year (11.9% of the population) were compared with the remaining cohort for vertebral fractures, vascular calcifications and mortality. Vertebral fractures and vascular calcifications were sought in L-L vertebral X-rays (D5 to L4). Compared with controls, warfarin-treated male patients had more vertebral fractures (77.8 vs. 57.7%, p<0.04), but not females (42.1% vs. 48.4%, p=0.6); total BGP was significantly reduced (82.35 vs. 202 µg/L, p<0.0001), with lower levels in treated men (69.5 vs. women 117.0 µg/L, p=0.03). In multivariate logistic regression analyses, the use of warfarin was associated with increased odds of aortic (OR 2.58, p<0.001) and iliac calcifications (OR 2.86, p<0.001); identified confounders were age, atrial fibrillation, angina, PPI use and total BGP. Seventy-seven patients died during a 2.7±0.5 year follow-up. In univariate Cox regression analysis, patients on warfarin had a higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR 2.42, 95% CI 1.42-4.16, p=0.001) when compared with those untreated and data adjustment for confounders attenuated but confirmed the significant warfarin-mortality link (HR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.02-3.84, P=0.046). In hemodialysis patients, additional studies are warranted to verify the risk/benefit ratio of warfarin, which appears to be associated with significant morbidity and increased mortality.

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(1)51 the	(16)4 significantly	(31)2 being	(46)2 less
(2)31 a	(17)3 FIQ	(32)2 diabetes	(47)2 many
(3)12 increased	(18)3 cancer	(33)2 different	(48)2 maternal
(4)12 lower	(19)3 chronic	(34)2 early	(49)2 nephrolithiasis
(5)9 higher	(20)3 more	(35)2 excessive	(50)2 normal
(6)8 an	(21)3 other	(36)2 faster	(51)2 parenchymal
(7)7 decreased	(22)3 perceived	(37)2 female	(52)2 physical
(8)6 poor	(23)3 shorter	(38)2 gene	(53)2 positive
(9)5 both	(24)3 smoking	(39)2 genetic	(54)2 reductions
(10)5 greater	(25)3 specific	(40)2 good	(55)2 stress
(11)4 adverse	(26)2 JS	(41)2 having	(56)2 them
(12)4 negative	(27)2 SWD	(42)2 high	(57)2 this
(13)4 poorer	(28)2 alterations	(43)2 implementation	(58)2 undernutrition
(14)4 reduced	(29)2 altered	(44)2 improvements	(59)2 very
(15)4 significant	(30)2 any	(45)2 internalizing

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--- WordNet output for associated --- Overview of verb associate The verb associate has 3 senses (first 3 from tagged texts) 1. (25) associate, tie in, relate, link, colligate, link up, connect -- (make a logical or causal connection; "I cannot connect these two pieces of evidence in my mind"; "colligate these facts"; "I cannot relate these events at all") 2. (3) consort, associate, affiliate, assort -- (keep company with; hang out with; "He associates with strange people"; "She affiliates with her colleagues") 3. (1) consociate, associate -- (bring or come into association or action; "The churches consociated to fight their dissolution") --- WordNet end ---